Performing Simple Calculation Using Excel
To write an Excel formula, you begin the cell’s contents
with an equal (=) sign; when
Excel sees it, it knows that the expression following it
should be interpreted as a
calculation, not text.
After the equal sign, type the formula for example, you
can find the sum of the numbers
in cells C2 and C3 by using the formula =C2+C3.
After you have entered a formula into a cell, you can
revise it by clicking the cell and
then editing the formula in the formula box.
For example, you can change the preceding formula to
=C3-C2, which calculates the
difference between the contents of cells C2 and C3.
You can also multiply(*), divide(/) and find average
Data Manipulation and Charts Making using Microsoft Spreadsheet Application
Data manipulation includes many procedures however, in this
context it will focus only on
sorting and filtering data
Sorting
o This is the arrangement of data in increasing, decreasing,
alphabetical, or reversealphabetical order.
o Sort only one row or column will effectively “scramble”
data relative to the rest of the
spreadsheet.
o If the relationship between data in different rows or
columns must be preserved,
always select the entire spreadsheet before sorting!
o To undo a bad sort type “ctrl-Z” before saving.
o To sort the data below, highlight the desired selection
(likely the whole spreadsheet).
o With the “Home” tab selected on the top right, select the
“Sort and Filter” menu from
the top left.
o Whichever cell to be last clicked in is white (below its
cell A1).
o To select “Sort A to Z” or “Sort A to A” from this menu,
Excel will sort the data in
ascending or descending order, respectively, depending on
the value in the column
with the white cell.
o “Sort by” drop-down menu, choose the column likely to be
sorted by. Leave the “Sort
On” menu set to “Values”, and choose an order from the
“Order” drop-down menu.
Then click OK.
o If the data has some duplicate values, to further sort
within those, use the “Add level”
selection:
Filtering
o Allows selecting a subset of data to display.
o From the same “Sort and Filter” menu used above, choose
“Filter”.
There will now be a small box on the first cell of each
column.
o Clicking on one of these boxes, a dialogue box will open:
o Initially, all values are selected.
Deselecting a value click on the checkbox next to it.
Click on the “(Select All)” check box, may select or
deselect all.
To create a chart in Excel, start by entering the numeric
data for the chart on a worksheet.
Then plot that data into a chart by selecting the chart
type to use on the Insert tab, in the
Charts group.
Worksheet data labelled by number 1
Chart created from worksheet data labelled by number 2
When creating a chart or change an existing chart, select
from a variety of chart types
(such as a column chart or a pie chart) and their subtypes
(such as a stacked column chart
or a pie in 3-D chart).
Excel also creates a combination chart by using more than
one chart type.
If Excel doesn’t plot data the way the user want it to,
change the axis on which Excel
plots a data column.
The most common reason for incorrect data plotting is that
the column to be plotted on
the horizontal axis contains numerical data instead of
textual data.
For example, if the data includes a Year column and a
Volume column, instead of
plotting volume data for each consecutive year along the
horizontal axis,
Worksheet data labelled by number 1
Chart created from worksheet data labelled by number 2
When creating a chart or change an existing chart, select
from a variety of chart types
(such as a column chart or a pie chart) and their subtypes
(such as a stacked column chart
or a pie in 3-D chart).
Excel also creates a combination chart by using more than
one chart type.
If Excel doesn’t plot data the way the user want it to,
change the axis on which Excel
plots a data column.
The most common reason for incorrect data plotting is that
the column to be plotted on
the horizontal axis contains numerical data instead of
textual data.
For example, if the data includes a Year column and a
Volume column, instead of
plotting volume data for each consecutive year along the horizontal axis,